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Acute Health Effects of Crude Oil Spill in a Rural Community in Bonny, Rivers State, Nigeria

. CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCE, 4 (2): 244-259 (February 2023)

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of crude oil spills on acute health challenges in rural communities in the Bonny Local Government Area. The study used a descriptive survey research design, involving an in-depth structured questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents from rural communities affected by oil spills in Bonny LGA. The collected data were subjected mean and standard deviation statistical analysis. The findings of the study revealed that oil spills occur as a result of leaking or corroded pipelines, poorly maintained storage tanks, improper disposal of used oil and other petroleum products, and accidents due to human negligence or error among others and causes a number of acute health challenges in rural communities. These include respiratory and skin diseases, as well as an increased risk of cancer, due to exposure to hazardous chemicals. Furthermore, oil spills can cause mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. The study recommended among others that there is the need to establish strict regulations and guidelines for companies that are responsible for oil spills, such as those that involve offshore drilling, which is designed to reduce the risk of oil spills and subsequent pollution.

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