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Implicit representation of sparse hereditary families

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(2022)cite arxiv:2201.00328.

Abstract

For a hereditary family of graphs $\FF$, let $\FF_n$ denote the set of all members of $\FF$ on $n$ vertices. The speed of $\FF$ is the function $f(n)=|\FF_n|$. An implicit representation of size $\ell(n)$ for $\FF_n$ is a function assigning a label of $\ell(n)$ bits to each vertex of any given graph $G \FF_n$, so that the adjacency between any pair of vertices can be determined by their labels. Bonamy, Esperet, Groenland and Scott proved that the minimum possible size of an implicit representation of $\FF_n$ for any hereditary family $\FF$ with speed $2^Ømega(n^2)$ is $(1+o(1)) łog_2 |\FF_n|/n~(=\Theta(n))$. A recent result of Hatami and Hatami shows that the situation is very different for very sparse hereditary families. They showed that for every $\delta>0$ there are hereditary families of graphs with speed $2^O(n n)$ that do not admit implicit representations of size smaller than $n^1/2-\delta$. In this note we show that even a mild speed bound ensures an implicit representation of size $O(n^c)$ for some $c<1$. Specifically we prove that for every $\eps>0$ there is an integer $d 1$ so that if $\FF$ is a hereditary family with speed $f(n) 2^(1/4-\eps)n^2$ then $\FF_n$ admits an implicit representation of size $O(n^1-1/d n)$. Moreover, for every integer $d>1$ there is a hereditary family for which this is tight up to the logarithmic factor.

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