Article,

Coalescing Random Walks and Voter Model Consensus Times on the Torus in $Z^d$

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Ann. Probab., 17 (4): 1333--1366 (October 1989)
DOI: 10.1214/aop/1176991158

Abstract

Let $\eta_t$ be the basic voter model on $Z^d$ and let $\eta_t^(N)$ be the voter model on $Łambda(N)$, the torus of side $N$ in $Z^d$. Unlike $\eta_t$, $\eta_t^(N)$ (for fixed $N$) gets trapped with probability 1 as $t ınfty$ at all 0's or all 1's. We examine the asymptotic growth of these trapping or consensus times $\tau^(N)$ as $N ınfty$. To do this we obtain limit theorems for coalescing random walk systems on the torus $Łambda(N)$, including a new hitting time limit theorem for (noncoalescing) random walk on the torus.

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