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Participatory Planning for Climate Compatible Development in Maputo, Mozambique

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(2015)

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  • @bady.nunes
    4 months ago
    The book "Participatory Planning for Climate Compatible Development in Maputo, Mozambique" was published in 2015 by a group of six experts in urban planning, sustainable development and urban governance, with Vanessa Castán Broto as the first author. With the aim of planning the city of Maputo in the face of climate change in recent decades, there is an emphasis on popular participation in the drafting process. With the combination of geoinformation on a territorial scale and the local context of the inhabitants of the area studied, there is then a broad reading of what is needed to carry out this planning. This combination is becoming more frequent every day, for example, in the inclusion of popular participation in the development of master plans (Oliveira Filho, 2009) and in research projects on the perception of quality by citizens and users of transport systems (Neves, 2014; Carvalho, 2020). With regard to the capital of Mozambique, we have seen extremely significant growth in recent decades. With a population of 1.088 million (census, 2017), the capital is twelve times larger than its 93,000 inhabitants in 1950. In this context, Maputo is experiencing unbridled urban sprawl, together with the occupation of part of the population in vulnerable areas. In addition, Maputo is identified as one of the cities that will suffer most from climate change in the country, which makes the population even more susceptible to the consequences of intensified natural phenomena. In order to combat the risk situations imposed by climate change, adaptation and mitigation measures are being adopted all over the world, thus ensuring greater resilience and protection for cities and the most vulnerable. The same is happening in the city of Maputo, more specifically in the Chamanculo C neighborhood, which is the basis for the urban development addressed in the book, together with the population of the neighborhood in question. In the process of popular participation, some characteristics stand out, such as the inclusion of a qualitative evaluation of the space by the residents, but this is done with caution, since not all urban planning concepts are well disseminated in the community. The book in question highlights in detail how this contact should be made, and at this point we may focus on two main points: the incorporation of knowledge into the participatory process and participatory design in practice. 1) Incorporating knowledge into the participatory process Popular participation is pointed out by various authors as beneficiais in helping to compose the context in which those who live there are inserted. Perception becomes valuable when it transcends physical indicators of the built environment, addressing issues of accessibility, comfort and safety that those who live there can express. However, in order to reconcile this thinking with strategic planning, knowledge related to climate change must be incorporated. This process in itself is not easy, as new discoveries are made by science every day and, in some cases, prove contradictory when applied to one context or another. In this situation, the book points out the importance of understanding the focus of interventions in a territory. Understanding the objectives and goals applicable to a specific context makes the discussion more productive, filtered to meet local demands. With this understanding, examples are given of where interventions have been beneficial to other communities. In this way, the presentation of ideas to the population becomes more tangible and more accessible. 2) Participatory development in practice The book presents Participatory Action Plan Development (PAPD), which represents the process of co-construction for achieving climate-related goals. In this process, the main objective is to reconcile the different actors. Since each actor has a different perspective on the space, it is necessary to agree on the actions to be taken so that they are respected by everyone in the medium and long term. A sense of community must be present in this process if climate-related objectives are to be achieved. This process involves important steps such as prioritizing problems, digging deeper into information, analyzing solutions, giving feedback to the public and implementing an action plan. A further step can be added, which would be the follow-up and monitoring of the implementations, to ensure that they accomplish what they set out to do. The book presents in detail the development of each stage of the approach to the population, which is replicable, or partially replicable, for new locations. Careful presentation of ideas throughout the text, contextualization of the Mozambican hierarchy and communication with local organizations are some of the interesting features observed in the work carried out. This makes it easier to reach a conciliation with the different participants in the project. In this way, the objective of including the population in city planning is met. References Carvalho, B. (2020) A Caminhabilidade com foco na qualidade de serviço: um estudo baseado no caso da prefeitura de Londres. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Neves, J. M. D. J. (2014) Os Atributos da Qualidade de Serviço para Pedestres no Contexto de Megaeventos Esportivos: o caso do Estádio do Maracanã. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Oliveira Filho, J. (2009) A participação popular no planejamento urbano: a experiência do plano diretor de Porto Alegre. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.
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