Abstract
Almheiri et al. have emphasized that otherwise reasonable beliefs about black
hole evaporation are incompatible with the monogamy of quantum entanglement, a
general property of quantum mechanics. We investigate the final-state
projection model of black hole evaporation proposed by Horowitz and Maldacena,
pointing out that this model admits cloning of quantum states and polygamous
entanglement, allowing unitarity of the evaporation process to be reconciled
with smoothness of the black hole event horizon. The model requires finely
tuned dynamics to ensure exact unitarity, but unitarity holds to an excellent
approximation under weaker assumptions. Final-state projection models
illustrate how inviolable principles of standard quantum mechanics might be
circumvented in a theory of quantum gravity.
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