Abstract
The article deals with the main problems of practical neonatology. The incidence is about 1% among full-term newborns and up to 10% among preterm infants. In infants who were on long-term mechanical ventilation immediately after birth, the prevalence of nosocomial pneumonia is up to 40-45%. Inflammation of the lungs is considered as the main cause or concomitant factor in up to 25% of deaths in the neonatal period. According to Rosstat, infant mortality from pneumonia reaches 7.5%.
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