%0 Journal Article %1 gutierrez-fisac_determinants_1999 %A Gutiérrez-Fisac, J L %A Artalejo, F Rodríguez %A Guallar-Castillon, P %A Banegas, J R Banegas %A del Rey Calero, J %D 1999 %J International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity %K Alcohol Allocation, Body Class, Drinking, Educational Energy Exercise, Humans, Index, Intake, Life Mass Obesity, Random Smoking, Social Spain Status, Studies, Style, ecological fallacy, {Cross-Sectional} %N 4 %P 342--347 %T Determinants of geographical variations in body mass index (BMI) and obesity in Spain %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10340810 %V 23 %X OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with geographic variations in Body Mass Index (BMI) and obesity in Spain. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, ecological analysis using data on illiteracy rate (per 1000 population), energy intake (kcal/person/d), sedentary population (\%), smoking population (\%), alcohol consumption (g/person/d), and percentage of population aged 65 y or over, for Spain's 50 provinces. SUBJECTS: Non-institutionalized population aged 16y or over. MEASUREMENTS: Median BMI and percentage of population with obesity, defined as BMI \textgreater 30 kg/m2. RESULTS: There was a clear geographical pattern, with some areas in the south and north-west of the country registering the highest BMI and prevalence of obesity and a north-south pattern on illiteracy per 1000 population. Multivariate regression analysis showed that illiteracy, sedentary lifestyle and energy intake explain 35\% and 14\% of the variation in BMI and obesity, respectively. Illiteracy proved to be the variable most associated with both BMI (regression coefficient (beta = 0.01; P = 0.005) and obesity (beta = 0.05; P = 0.013). Sedentary lifestyle showed a statistically significant relationship with BMI (beta = 0.01; P = 0.03), but not with obesity (beta = 0.03; P = 0.581). Energy intake exhibited a relationship with BMI (beta \textless 0.01 P = 0.03) that lost statistical significance when adjusted for age. CONCLUSION: Geographical variations in BMI in Spain are partly explained by illiteracy, sedentary lifestyle and, to a lesser extent, energy intake, whereas regional variations in obesity are related only to the educational level of the population.

@article{gutierrez-fisac_determinants_1999, abstract = {{OBJECTIVE:} To identify the factors associated with geographic variations in Body Mass Index {(BMI)} and obesity in Spain. {DESIGN:} Cross-sectional, ecological analysis using data on illiteracy rate (per 1000 population), energy intake (kcal/person/d), sedentary population (\%), smoking population (\%), alcohol consumption (g/person/d), and percentage of population aged 65 y or over, for Spain's 50 provinces. {SUBJECTS:} Non-institutionalized population aged 16y or over. {MEASUREMENTS:} Median {BMI} and percentage of population with obesity, defined as {BMI} {\textgreater} 30 kg/m2. {RESULTS:} There was a clear geographical pattern, with some areas in the south and north-west of the country registering the highest {BMI} and prevalence of obesity and a north-south pattern on illiteracy per 1000 population. Multivariate regression analysis showed that illiteracy, sedentary lifestyle and energy intake explain 35\% and 14\% of the variation in {BMI} and obesity, respectively. Illiteracy proved to be the variable most associated with both {BMI} (regression coefficient (beta = 0.01; P = 0.005) and obesity (beta = 0.05; P = 0.013). Sedentary lifestyle showed a statistically significant relationship with {BMI} (beta = 0.01; P = 0.03), but not with obesity (beta = 0.03; P = 0.581). Energy intake exhibited a relationship with {BMI} (beta {\textless} 0.01 P = 0.03) that lost statistical significance when adjusted for age. {CONCLUSION:} Geographical variations in {BMI} in Spain are partly explained by illiteracy, sedentary lifestyle and, to a lesser extent, energy intake, whereas regional variations in obesity are related only to the educational level of the population.}, added-at = {2011-03-11T10:05:34.000+0100}, author = {{Gutiérrez-Fisac}, J L and Artalejo, F Rodríguez and {Guallar-Castillon}, P and Banegas, J R Banegas and del Rey Calero, J}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28ebe9b98c4ab89f15b29768a81e72fe3/jelias}, interhash = {a608d48a0d6313b93672c493b0742d99}, intrahash = {8ebe9b98c4ab89f15b29768a81e72fe3}, issn = {0307-0565}, journal = {International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity}, keywords = {Alcohol Allocation, Body Class, Drinking, Educational Energy Exercise, Humans, Index, Intake, Life Mass Obesity, Random Smoking, Social Spain Status, Studies, Style, ecological fallacy, {Cross-Sectional}}, month = apr, note = {{PMID:} 10340810}, number = 4, pages = {342--347}, timestamp = {2011-03-11T10:06:38.000+0100}, title = {Determinants of geographical variations in body mass index {(BMI)} and obesity in Spain}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10340810}, volume = 23, year = 1999 }