Article,

Atom cooling, trapping, and quantum manipulation

, , and .
Reviews of Modern Physics, 71 (2): S253--S262 (March 1999)
DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.71.s253

Abstract

Neutral atoms and ions can now be cooled, trapped, and precisely manipulated using laser beams and other electromagnetic fields. This has made it possible to control external degrees of freedom at the quantum level, thereby making possible a variety of interesting new physics.

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