Abstract
The G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one the largest
families of drug targets. Upon agonist binding a receptor undergoes
conformational rearrangements that lead to a novel protein conformation
which in turn can interact with effector proteins. During the last
decade significant progress has been made to prove that different
conformational changes occur. Today it is mostly accepted that individual
ligands can induce different receptor conformations. However, the
nature or molecular identity of the different conformations is still
ill-known. Knowledge of the potential functionally selective conformations
will help to develop drugs that select specific conformations of
a given GPCR which couple to specific signalling pathways and may,
ultimately, lead to reduced side effects. In this review we will
summarize recent progress in biophysical approaches that have led
to the current understanding of conformational changes that occur
during GPCR activation.
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