Abstract
This article examines the statistical distribution of beam radiation.
An empirical equation is presented that models the probability density
function (PDF) of monthly sets of the hourly beam atmospheric transmittance,
kb, taken at a fixed time of day. The equation is derived from data
from Toronto, but it applies almost as well to Winnipeg, Charlottetown,
and Vancouver, which have very different climates, and there is an
expectation that it may be universal. The parameters of the PDF equation
are the air mass and the mean value of kb. At fixed values of these
parameters, the equation shows a bimodai distribution that is fitted
by a "spike" at kb 0 and a cubic polynomial for larger kb.
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