The Java™ programming language made starting a new thread easier than ever before. But freeing your concurrent programs of obscure bugs is a different matter, and Java's programming model might not be the best available. A language called Erlang is getting some good press now in the areas of concurrency, distributed systems, and soft real-time systems.
Candygram is a Python implementation of Erlang concurrency primitives. Erlang is widely respected for its elegant built-in facilities for concurrent programming. This package attempts to emulate those facilities as closely as possible in Python. With Candygram, developers can send and receive messages between threads using semantics nearly identical to those in the Erlang language.
PARLEY is an API for writing Python programs that implement the Actor model of distributed systems, in which lightweight concurrent processes communicate through asynchronous message-passing.
T. Cutsem, S. Mostinckx, and W. Meuter. Computer Languages, Systems & Structures, 35 (1):
80 - 98(2009)ESUG 2007 International Conference on Dynamic Languages (ESUG/ICDL 2007).
B. Daloze, S. Marr, D. Bonetta, and H. Mössenböck. Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages & Applications, page 642--659. ACM, (Nov 2, 2016)(acceptance rate 25%).
B. Daloze, C. Seaton, D. Bonetta, and H. Mössenböck. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages, Programs and Systems, (2015)
P. Damron, A. Fedorova, Y. Lev, V. Luchangco, M. Moir, and D. Nussbaum. ASPLOS-XII: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems, page 336--346. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2006)
F. David, G. Thomas, J. Lawall, and G. Muller. Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages &\#38; Applications, page 291--307. ACM, (2014)
J. De Koster, S. Marr, and T. D'Hondt. Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, page 317--318. ACM, (February 2012)(Poster).
J. De Koster, S. Marr, T. D'Hondt, and T. Van Cutsem. Proceedings of AGERE! 2013, 3rd International Workshop on Programming based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control, page 61--68. (Oct 27, 2013)
J. De Koster, T. Van Cutsem, and W. De Meuter. Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Programming Based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control, page 31--40. ACM, (2016)
S. Dekeyser, and J. Hidders. ADC '04: Proceedings of the fifteenth Australasian database conference, page 93--101. Darlinghurst, Australia, Australia, Australian Computer Society, Inc., (2004)
B. Demsky, and P. Lam. Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - Volume 1, page 395--404. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2010)
D. Deng, W. Zhang, and S. Lu. Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages & Applications, page 785--802. ACM, (2013)