Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), commonly known as e-cigarettes, are products that vaporise nicotine-containing liquid.1 The emergence of e-cigarettes as an alternative to smoking tobacco products has raised many issues regarding their safe use among adult users and death has been reported occasionally from overdoses. However, there are few data regarding the risk of e-liquid exposure and its outcome in children.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.