Balby based New Beginnings has celebrated the completion of its first allotment to support the physical and mental wellbeing of people in recovery from drug and/ or alcohol addiction.
New Beginnings which provides a specialist rehab and detox service for people experiencing substance misuse is using the allotment to promote a sense of purpose and foster strong bonds for its clients and service users.
Pioneering research over the past two decades has shown that memories are far more malleable than we once thought, thereby highlighting the potential for new clinical avenues for treatment of psychopathology. We first briefly review the historical foundation of memory reconsolidation—a concept that refers to hypothetical processes that occur when a memory is retrieved and restored. Then, we provide an overview of the basic research on memory reconsolidation that has been done with humans and other animals, focusing on models of fear, anxiety-related disorders, and addiction, from the perspective that they all involve disorders of memory. This basic research has fuelled early stage developments of novel treatment techniques.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Open access. Alcohol and drug use can have negative consequences on the health, economy, productivity, and social aspects of communities. We aimed to use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 to calculate global and regional estimates of the prevalence of alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid dependence, and to estimate global disease burden attributable to alcohol and drug use between 1990 and 2016, and for 195 countries and territories within 21 regions, and within seven super-regions.
Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (Nov 1, 2018). DOI:10.1037/pha0000232
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly prevalent and commonly co-occur. The dual diagnosis of PTSD/AUD is associated with serious negative sequalae, and there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments for this comorbidity. Both PTSD and AUD are characterized by dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which helps modulate stress reactivity. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide that attenuates HPA axis dysregulation, may be beneficial for individuals with co-occurring PTSD/AUD. Thus, the current study examined the effects of intranasal oxytocin (40 IU) as compared with placebo on stress reactivity (e.g., cortisol) as well as subjective alcohol craving in response to a laboratory stress task (Trier Social Stress Task). . To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
Although lower brain volume has been routinely observed in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent control subjects, the brain regions exhibiting lower volume have not been consistent across studies. In addition, it is not clear whether a common set of regions are involved in substance dependence regardless of the substance used or whether some brain volume effects are substance specific. Resolution of these issues may contribute to the identification of clinically relevant imaging biomarkers. Using pooled data from 14 countries, the authors sought to identify general and substance-specific associations between dependence and regional brain volumes.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
Open access. To quantify changes in (i) potency (concentration of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol; %THC), (ii) price (Euros/gram of cannabis), and (iii) value (quantity of THC per price unit; mg THC/Euro) of cannabis resin and herbal cannabis in Europe.
This systematic review was conducted to identify and collate the existing experiences of providing personalised budgets to drug and alcohol users. Between March and April 2017, we searched six electronic and 11 grey literature databases for English language studies published between 1990 and April 2017 which described the implementation and delivery of personalised budget initiatives with drug and alcohol users. Open Access
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 48, Iss. 16, (Dec 2018): 2766-2775. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718000417
Background
Although alterations in medial temporal lobe structures have been previously associated with use of cannabis, one of the most widely used illicit drugs, whether such alterations are a cause or effect of cannabis use has been unclear.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 48, Iss. 16, (Dec 2018): 2786-2793. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718000478
Background
The genetic component of Cannabis Use Disorder may overlap with influences acting more generally on early stages of cannabis use. This paper aims to determine the extent to which genetic influences on the development of cannabis abuse/dependence are correlated with those acting on the opportunity to use cannabis and frequency of use. . To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
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Drug withdrawal is associated with aversive experiences, which promotes relapse.1 Different neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, signal transduction pathways, and brain regions (especially the nucleus accumbens) have been implicated in the occurrence of withdrawal syndrome during abstinence from addictive drugs.2 Withdrawal from methamphetamine results in fatigue, irritability, disturbed sleep, exhaustion, and symptoms of depression and anxiety, which might last for months. Currently, limited pharmaceutical tools are available for detoxification from methamphetamine; vitamins, antidepressants, and antipsychotics have been used to ameliorate withdrawal symptoms in clinical practices.3. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy Vol. 10, Iss. 6, (Nov 2018): 636-642. Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and opioid use disorder (OUD) co-occur at high rates, and this co-occurrence is associated with a range of problems related to mental and physical health. OUD is commonly treated with opioid agonist therapies (OAT), which have been shown to be effective for reducing opiate use and related negative health consequences. Given the high comorbidity of PTSD and OUD, many individuals in OAT have PTSD and continue to experience symptoms of both disorders despite OAT treatment. In this review, the extant literature on PTSD among individuals in OAT is presented.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
To examine subjective and psychophysiological responses to appetitive cues during an alcohol cue reactivity task, and its relation to alcoholic liver disease and assess whether executive functioning is associated with appropriate regulation of cue-elicited responses in individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD).. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are linked with numerous severe detrimental outcomes. Evidence suggests that there is a typology of individuals with an AUD based on the symptoms they report. Scant research has identified how these groups may vary in prevalence by age, which could highlight aspects of problematic drinking behavior that are particularly salient at different ages. Our study aimed to (a) identify latent classes of drinkers with AUD that differ based on symptoms of AUD and (b) examine prevalences of latent classes by age.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Adolescent health problems are more prevalent in families with low socioeconomic position, but few studies have assessed the role of parental health in this association. This study examines the extent to which parental health problems, particularly those related to high-risk health behaviour, might explain the association between parental education and adolescent health problems due to violence, self-harm and substance use. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Jeff Fernandez explains how primary care services are vital to providing cost-effective and successful alcohol detoxification treatment in the community, and they should not be reduced as a result of cuts to healthcare funding. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
For decades, researchers have called for the systematic inclusion of non‐consumption outcomes, such as alcohol‐related consequences and, temptation/craving, in addition to consumption outcomes (e.g., percent days abstinent) to evaluate alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment efficacy. However, FDA guidelines for alcohol medications development suggest non‐consumption outcomes may be insensitive to changes that occur within AUD treatment trial assessment windows, though this has never been directly tested. We aimed to measure the predictive value of diagnostically‐related, non‐consumption measures of AUD treatment effects.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
The noradrenergic system has been implicated in AUD and PTSD, with adrenergic agents reducing drinking in individuals with AUD and improving sleep disturbances in individuals with PTSD. In a recent clinical trial (Petrakis et al., 2016), prazosin, an α1‐adrenergic antagonist, was not superior to placebo in reducing PTSD symptoms, sleep problems, or alcohol consumption in a comorbid population; however, patients in both treatment conditions improved in all symptom domains over the course of treatment. It remains unknown whether alcohol abstinence is related to changes in PTSD symptoms and medication effects in individuals with this comorbidity.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.