%0 Journal Article %1 Sincich:2005 %A Sincich, Lawrence C. %A Horton, Jonathan C. %D 2005 %J Annual Review of Neuroscience %K color cortex, cytochrome extrastriate geniculate lateral nucleus, oxidase, striate vision %P 303-326 %T THE CIRCUITRY OF V1 AND V2: Integration of Color, Form, and Motion %V 28 %X Primary and secondary visual cortex (V1 and V2) form the foundation of the cortical visual system. V1 transforms information received from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and distributes it to separate domains in V2 for transmission to higher visual areas. During the past 20 years, schemes for the functional organization of V1 and V2 have been based on a tripartite framework developed by Livingstone & Hubel (1988). Since then, new anatomical data have accumulated concerning V1's input, its internal circuitry, and its output to V2. These new data, along with physiological and imaging studies, now make it likely that the visual attributes of color, form, and motion are not neatly segregated by V1 into different stripe compartments in V2. Instead, there are just two main streams, originating from cytochrome oxidase patches and interpatches, that project to V2. Each stream is composed of a mixture of magno, parvo, and konio geniculate signals. Further studies are required to elucidate how the patches and interpatches differ in the output they convey to extrastriate cortex. Acronyms CO: cytochrome oxidase GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid (inhibitory neurotransmitter) LGN: lateral geniculate nucleus MT: middle temporal area (also named cortical area V5) V1: primary visual cortex, striate cortex V2: secondary visual cortex VEP: visual evoked potentials (scalp recordings) Terms and Definitions Column: a group of neurons in cortex, clustered radially across at least two laminae, that share similar response properties Cytochrome oxidase: a mitochondrial enzyme, which can be used to identify particular visual areas (e.g., V1, V2) by its distinct laminar and columnar distribution. Flatmounting: a tissue-dissection technique whereby the cerebral cortex is unfolded and flattened to reveal histological patterns in a plane parallel to the pial surface. Optical imaging: a physiological method of mapping the responsiveness of cortex, using reflected light or voltage-sensitive dyes as probes. Orientation selectivity: the dependence of a visual neuron's firing rate on the orientation (e.g., horizontal) of a contrast edge or line segment presented in the receptive field. Receptive field: a delimited region in visual space for a given neuron, within which a light stimulus elicits a response

@article{Sincich:2005, abstract = {Primary and secondary visual cortex (V1 and V2) form the foundation of the cortical visual system. V1 transforms information received from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and distributes it to separate domains in V2 for transmission to higher visual areas. During the past 20 years, schemes for the functional organization of V1 and V2 have been based on a tripartite framework developed by Livingstone & Hubel (1988). Since then, new anatomical data have accumulated concerning V1's input, its internal circuitry, and its output to V2. These new data, along with physiological and imaging studies, now make it likely that the visual attributes of color, form, and motion are not neatly segregated by V1 into different stripe compartments in V2. Instead, there are just two main streams, originating from cytochrome oxidase patches and interpatches, that project to V2. Each stream is composed of a mixture of magno, parvo, and konio geniculate signals. Further studies are required to elucidate how the patches and interpatches differ in the output they convey to extrastriate cortex. Acronyms CO: cytochrome oxidase GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid (inhibitory neurotransmitter) LGN: lateral geniculate nucleus MT: middle temporal area (also named cortical area V5) V1: primary visual cortex, striate cortex V2: secondary visual cortex VEP: visual evoked potentials (scalp recordings) Terms and Definitions Column: a group of neurons in cortex, clustered radially across at least two laminae, that share similar response properties Cytochrome oxidase: a mitochondrial enzyme, which can be used to identify particular visual areas (e.g., V1, V2) by its distinct laminar and columnar distribution. Flatmounting: a tissue-dissection technique whereby the cerebral cortex is unfolded and flattened to reveal histological patterns in a plane parallel to the pial surface. Optical imaging: a physiological method of mapping the responsiveness of cortex, using reflected light or voltage-sensitive dyes as probes. Orientation selectivity: the dependence of a visual neuron's firing rate on the orientation (e.g., horizontal) of a contrast edge or line segment presented in the receptive field. Receptive field: a delimited region in visual space for a given neuron, within which a light stimulus elicits a response}, added-at = {2009-06-26T15:25:19.000+0200}, author = {Sincich, Lawrence C. and Horton, Jonathan C.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2b380823f11ed14be4506b4e296c6b5bd/butz}, description = {diverse cognitive systems bib}, interhash = {048c309dee80357c33b2cb06fd1de48d}, intrahash = {b380823f11ed14be4506b4e296c6b5bd}, journal = {Annual Review of Neuroscience}, keywords = {color cortex, cytochrome extrastriate geniculate lateral nucleus, oxidase, striate vision}, owner = {butz}, pages = {303-326}, timestamp = {2009-06-26T15:25:55.000+0200}, title = {THE CIRCUITRY OF V1 AND V2: Integration of Color, Form, and Motion}, volume = 28, year = 2005 }