Abstract
Activated neuronal groups typically engage in rhythmic synchronization
in the gamma-frequency range (30100 Hz). Experimental and modeling
studies demonstrate that each gamma cycle is framed by synchronized
spiking of inhibitory interneurons. Here, we review evidence suggesting
that the resulting rhythmic network inhibition interacts with excitatory
input to pyramidal cells such that the more excited cells fire earlier
in the gamma cycle. Thus, the amplitude of excitatory drive is recoded
into phase values of discharges relative to the gamma cycle. This
recoding enables transmission and read out of amplitude information
within a single gamma cycle without requiring rate integration. Furthermore,
variation of phase relations can be exploited to facilitate or inhibit
exchange of information between oscillating cell assemblies. The
gamma cycle could thus serve as a fundamental computational mechanism
for the implementation of a temporal coding scheme that enables fast
processing and flexible routing of activity, supporting fast selection
and binding of distributed responses. This review is part of the
INMED/TINS special issue Physiogenic and pathogenic oscillations:
the beauty and the beast, based on presentations at the annual INMED/TINS
symposium
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