Abstract
Optical polarimeters are typically calibrated using measurements of stars
with known and stable polarization parameters. However, there is a lack of such
stars available across the sky. Many of the currently available standards are
not suitable for medium and large telescopes due to their high brightness.
Moreover, as we find, some of the used polarimetric standards are in fact
variable or have polarization parameters that differ from their cataloged
values. Our goal is to establish a sample of stable standards suitable for
calibrating linear optical polarimeters with an accuracy down to $10^-3$ in
fractional polarization. For five years, we have been running a monitoring
campaign of a sample of standard candidates comprised of 107 stars distributed
across the northern sky. We analyzed the variability of the linear polarization
of these stars, taking into account the non-Gaussian nature of fractional
polarization measurements. For a subsample of nine stars, we also performed
multiband polarization measurements. We created a new catalog of 65 stars (see
Table 2) that are stable, have small uncertainties of measured polarimetric
parameters, and can be used as calibrators of polarimeters at medium- and
large-size telescopes.
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