Zusammenfassung
We construct the symmetry adapted low energy effective Hamiltonian for the
electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level in iron based
superconductors. We use Luttinger's method of invariants, expanding about Gamma
and M points in the Brillouin zone corresponding to two iron unit cell, and
then matching the coefficients of the expansion to the 5- and 8-band models. We
then use the method of invariants to study the effects of the spin-density wave
order parameters on the electronic spectrum, with and without spin-orbit
coupling included. Among the results of this analysis is the finding that the
nodal spin-density wave is unstable once spin-orbit coupling is included.
Similar analysis is performed for the A_1g spin singlet superconducting
state. Without spin-orbit coupling there is one pairing invariant near the
Gamma point, but two near the M point. This leads to an isotropic spectral gap
at the hole Fermi surface near Gamma, but anisotropic near M. The relative
values of these three parameters determine whether the superconducting state is
s_++, s_+-, or nodal. Inclusion of spin-orbit coupling leads to additional
mixing of spin triplet pairing, with one additional pairing parameter near
Gamma and one near M. This leads to an anisotropic spectral gap near both hole
and electron Fermi surfaces, the latter no longer cross, but rather split.
Nutzer