Abstract
Quantization of electromagnetic fields is investigated in the framework of
stochastic variational method (SVM). Differently from the canonical
quantization, this method does not require canonical form and quantization can
be performed directly from the gauge invariant Lagrangian. The gauge condition
is used to choose dynamically independent variables. We verify that, in the
Coulomb gauge condition, SVM result is completely equivalent to the traditional
result. On the other hand, in the Lorentz gauge condition, SVM quantization can
be performed without introducing the indefinite metric. The temporal and
longitudinal components of the gauge filed, then, behave as c-number
functionals affected by quantum fluctuation through the interaction with
charged matter fields. To see further the relation between SVM and the
canonical quantization, we quantize the usual gauge Lagrangian with the Fermi
term and argue a stochastic process with a negative second order correlation is
introduced to reproduce the indefinite metric.
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