Abstract
The topography of inland deltas is influenced by the water-sediment
balance in distributary channels and local evaporation and seepage
rates. In this letter a reduced complexity model is applied to simulate
inland delta formation, and results are compared with the Okavango
Delta, Botswana and with a laboratory experiment. We show that water
loss in inland deltas produces fundamentally different dynamics of water
and sediment transport than coastal deltas, especially deposition
associated with expansion-contraction dynamics at the channel head.
These dynamics lead to a systematic decrease in the mean topographic
slope of the inland delta with distance from the apex following a power law with exponent alpha = -0.69 +/- 0.02 where the data for both
simulation and experiment can be collapsed onto a single curve. In
coastal deltas, on the contrary, the slope increases toward the end of
the deposition zone. Citation: Seybold, H. J., P. Molnar, D. Akca, M.
Doumi, M. Cavalcanti Tavares, T. Shinbrot, J. S. Andrade Jr., W.
Kinzelbach, and H. J. Herrmann ( 2010), Topography of inland deltas:
Observations, modeling, and experiments, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37,
L08402, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041605.
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