Zusammenfassung
Time-periodic driving like lattice shaking offers a low-demanding method to
generate artificial gauge fields in optical lattices. We identify the relevant
symmetries that have to be broken by the driving function for that purpose and
demonstrate the power of this method by making concrete proposals for its
application to two-dimensional lattice systems: We show how to tune frustration
and how to create and control band touching points like Dirac cones in the
shaken kagomé lattice. We propose the realization of a topological and a
quantum spin Hall insulator in a shaken spin-dependent hexagonal lattice. We
describe how strong artificial magnetic fields can be achieved for example in a
square lattice by employing superlattice modulation. Finally, exemplified on a
shaken spin-dependent square lattice, we develop a method to create strong
non-Abelian gauge fields.
Nutzer