Abstract
We show that second-harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation
(SFG) are selective tools for probing excitons. In SHG and SFG measurements
performed on C-60 and CuCl films we observe Frenkel and Wannier excitons,
respectively. On the other hand, no second-harmonic (sum-frequency)
intensity enhancement was observed at energies above the conductivity
gap. This is in strong contrast to, for instance, one-photon and
two-photon absorption experiments. The selectivity of SHG and SFG
for excitons compared to interband transitions can be explained in
terms of coherence of the respective excitation processes.
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