Ca$^2+$-induced Ca$^2+$ release is a general mechanism that
most cells use to amplify Ca$^2+$ signals. In heart cells, this
mechanism is operated between voltage-gated L-type Ca$^2+$ channels
(LCCs) in the plasma membrane and Ca$^2+$ release channels, commonly
known as ryanodine receptors, in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The
Ca$^2+$ influx through LCCs traverses a cleft of roughly 12 nm
formed by the cell surface and the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane,
and activates adjacent ryanodine receptors to release Ca$^2+$
in the form of Ca$^2+$ sparks. Here we determine the kinetics,
fidelity and stoichiometry of coupling between LCCs and ryanodine
receptors. We show that the local Ca$^2+$ signal produced by
a single opening of an LCC, named a 'Ca$^2+$ sparklet', can trigger
about 4-6 ryanodine receptors to generate a Ca$^2+$ spark. The
coupling between LCCs and ryanodine receptors is stochastic, as judged
by the exponential distribution of the coupling latency. The fraction
of sparklets that successfully triggers a spark is less than unity
and declines in a use-dependent manner. This optical analysis of
single-channel communication affords a powerful means for elucidating
Ca$^2+$-signalling mechanisms at the molecular level.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Wang_2001_592
%A Wang, S. Q.
%A Song, L. S.
%A Lakatta, E. G.
%A Cheng, H.
%D 2001
%J Nature
%K 80 Acids, Action Adrenergic, Adult, Advanced, Age Aged, Aging, Angiography, Animal, Animals, Anoxia, Aorta, Apoptosis, Arteries, Artery, Artificial, Barium, Biological Biological, Blood Brachial Bufanolides, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac Cardiomegaly, Cardiovascular Carotid Caspases, Cations, Cell Channels, Clocks, Common, Compliance, Conductivity, Congestive, Coronary DNA Dietary, Digoxin, Disease Disease, Diseases, Divalent, Doppler, Dose-Response Double-Blind Drinking, Drosophila Drug Drug, Dyes, Eating, Echocardiography, Elasticity, Electric End Estrogen Estrogens, Exercise Expression, Factors, Failure, Fatty Female, Femoral Flow Fluorescent Forecasting, Fragmentation, Gene Genome, Glycosylation Graft Heart Heart, Method, Models, Occlusion, Output, Pacing, Potentials, Pressure, Products, Rate, Relationship, Replacement Separation, Signaling, Stimulation, Test, Therapy, Tolerance, Velocity, Vessels, and melanogaster, over,
%N 6828
%P 592--596
%R 10.1038/35069083
%T Ca$^2+$ signalling between single L-type Ca$^2+$ channels
and ryanodine receptors in heart cells.
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35069083
%V 410
%X Ca$^2+$-induced Ca$^2+$ release is a general mechanism that
most cells use to amplify Ca$^2+$ signals. In heart cells, this
mechanism is operated between voltage-gated L-type Ca$^2+$ channels
(LCCs) in the plasma membrane and Ca$^2+$ release channels, commonly
known as ryanodine receptors, in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The
Ca$^2+$ influx through LCCs traverses a cleft of roughly 12 nm
formed by the cell surface and the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane,
and activates adjacent ryanodine receptors to release Ca$^2+$
in the form of Ca$^2+$ sparks. Here we determine the kinetics,
fidelity and stoichiometry of coupling between LCCs and ryanodine
receptors. We show that the local Ca$^2+$ signal produced by
a single opening of an LCC, named a 'Ca$^2+$ sparklet', can trigger
about 4-6 ryanodine receptors to generate a Ca$^2+$ spark. The
coupling between LCCs and ryanodine receptors is stochastic, as judged
by the exponential distribution of the coupling latency. The fraction
of sparklets that successfully triggers a spark is less than unity
and declines in a use-dependent manner. This optical analysis of
single-channel communication affords a powerful means for elucidating
Ca$^2+$-signalling mechanisms at the molecular level.
@article{Wang_2001_592,
abstract = {{C}a$^{2+}$-induced {C}a$^{2+}$ release is a general mechanism that
most cells use to amplify {C}a$^{2+}$ signals. In heart cells, this
mechanism is operated between voltage-gated L-type {C}a$^{2+}$ channels
(LCCs) in the plasma membrane and {C}a$^{2+}$ release channels, commonly
known as ryanodine receptors, in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The
{C}a$^{2+}$ influx through LCCs traverses a cleft of roughly 12 nm
formed by the cell surface and the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane,
and activates adjacent ryanodine receptors to release {C}a$^{2+}$
in the form of {C}a$^{2+}$ sparks. Here we determine the kinetics,
fidelity and stoichiometry of coupling between LCCs and ryanodine
receptors. We show that the local {C}a$^{2+}$ signal produced by
a single opening of an LCC, named a '{C}a$^{2+}$ sparklet', can trigger
about 4-6 ryanodine receptors to generate a {C}a$^{2+}$ spark. The
coupling between LCCs and ryanodine receptors is stochastic, as judged
by the exponential distribution of the coupling latency. The fraction
of sparklets that successfully triggers a spark is less than unity
and declines in a use-dependent manner. This optical analysis of
single-channel communication affords a powerful means for elucidating
{C}a$^{2+}$-signalling mechanisms at the molecular level.},
added-at = {2009-06-03T11:20:58.000+0200},
author = {Wang, S. Q. and Song, L. S. and Lakatta, E. G. and Cheng, H.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2255dadd7282e842e72e9ee82d332a67f/hake},
description = {The whole bibliography file I use.},
doi = {10.1038/35069083},
file = {Wang_2001_592.pdf:Wang_2001_592.pdf:PDF},
interhash = {5513f4e73bc7ab712c158edd99898602},
intrahash = {255dadd7282e842e72e9ee82d332a67f},
journal = {Nature},
key = 141,
keywords = {80 Acids, Action Adrenergic, Adult, Advanced, Age Aged, Aging, Angiography, Animal, Animals, Anoxia, Aorta, Apoptosis, Arteries, Artery, Artificial, Barium, Biological Biological, Blood Brachial Bufanolides, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac Cardiomegaly, Cardiovascular Carotid Caspases, Cations, Cell Channels, Clocks, Common, Compliance, Conductivity, Congestive, Coronary DNA Dietary, Digoxin, Disease Disease, Diseases, Divalent, Doppler, Dose-Response Double-Blind Drinking, Drosophila Drug Drug, Dyes, Eating, Echocardiography, Elasticity, Electric End Estrogen Estrogens, Exercise Expression, Factors, Failure, Fatty Female, Femoral Flow Fluorescent Forecasting, Fragmentation, Gene Genome, Glycosylation Graft Heart Heart, Method, Models, Occlusion, Output, Pacing, Potentials, Pressure, Products, Rate, Relationship, Replacement Separation, Signaling, Stimulation, Test, Therapy, Tolerance, Velocity, Vessels, and melanogaster, over,},
month = Mar,
number = 6828,
pages = {592--596},
pii = {35069083},
pmid = {11279498},
timestamp = {2009-06-03T11:21:36.000+0200},
title = {{C}a$^{2+}$ signalling between single {L}-type {C}a$^{2+}$ channels
and ryanodine receptors in heart cells.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35069083},
volume = 410,
year = 2001
}