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Retreat, Return, or Re-bear? Women's Reconciliation Behavior between First and Second Birth across Family Policies and Educational Groups. Dissertation

. (August 2016)

Abstract

This paper commences by observing two birth decisions and mothers’ behavior between those births as a unit: It captures the spacing duration between births, mothers’ interruptions for caregiving, their employment returns in both timing and scope, and the interrelation of these reproductive and employment behaviors. In order to reduce complexity by one dimension, the study analyzes the case of mothers of two children, who thereby comply with the prevailing two child norm in West Germany (Kreyenfeld et al. 2010; Dorbritz/Ruckdeschel 2015). The aim is to identify patterns in women’s reconciliation behavior by analyzing the biographical sequences between first and second birth. Furthermore, to obtain a deeper understanding of the distribution and development of these patterns in the conservative West German context, the study aims to unveil these patterns’ dependency on specific institutional settings, i.e. family policies, and on women’s responsiveness to these conditions according to individual characteristics, measured by their educational level. To implement these ideas, sequence analysis supplies the necessary means to make the complex interrelation of reproductive and employment behaviors apparent, intelligible, and tangible for multivariate analysis. Specifically, it allows the depiction of the specific and potentially highly variable dates of the two births and, in between, mothers’ timing in transitioning between multiple states such as unpaid caregiving, part-time employment, or full-time employment, as well as the continuance in these states. Furthermore, sequence analysis allows us to examine these complex behaviors for clusters, i.e., patterns, and makes them available for further analysis. Thereby, it offers unique methods to go beyond understanding reconciliation behavior as the mere succession of childbirth and employment return, instead supplying the means for grasping mothers’ reconciliation behaviors as an interrelated complex.

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