%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor %A Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan %A Principi, Alessandro %A Reig, David Saleta %A Block, Alexander %A Varghese, Sebin %A Schreyeck, Steffen %A Brunner, Karl %A Karczewski, Grzegorz %A Ilyakov, Igor %A Ponomaryov, Oleksiy %A de Oliveira, Thales V. A. G. %A Chen, Min %A Deinert, Jan-Christoph %A Carbonell, Carmen Gomez %A Valenzuela, Sergio O. %A Molenkamp, Laurens W. %A Kiessling, Tobias %A Astakhov, Georgy V. %A Kovalev, Sergey %D 2022 %J Light Sci Appl %K a %N 1 %P 315 %R 10.1038/s41377-022-01008-y %T Milliwatt terahertz harmonic generation from topological insulator metamaterials %U https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01008-y %V 11 %X Achieving efficient, high-power harmonic generation in the terahertz spectral domain has technological applications, for example, in sixth generation (6G) communication networks. Massless Dirac fermions possess extremely large terahertz nonlinear susceptibilities and harmonic conversion efficiencies. However, the observed maximum generated harmonic power is limited, because of saturation effects at increasing incident powers, as shown recently for graphene. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature terahertz harmonic generation in a Bi2Se3 topological insulator and topological-insulator-grating metamaterial structures with surface-selective terahertz field enhancement. We obtain a third-harmonic power approaching the milliwatt range for an incident power of 75 mW—an improvement by two orders of magnitude compared to a benchmarked graphene sample. We establish a framework in which this exceptional performance is the result of thermodynamic harmonic generation by the massless topological surface states, benefiting from ultrafast dissipation of electronic heat via surface-bulk Coulomb interactions. These results are an important step towards on-chip terahertz (opto)electronic applications.

@article{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Achieving efficient, high-power harmonic generation in the terahertz spectral domain has technological applications, for example, in sixth generation (6G) communication networks. Massless Dirac fermions possess extremely large terahertz nonlinear susceptibilities and harmonic conversion efficiencies. However, the observed maximum generated harmonic power is limited, because of saturation effects at increasing incident powers, as shown recently for graphene. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature terahertz harmonic generation in a Bi2Se3 topological insulator and topological-insulator-grating metamaterial structures with surface-selective terahertz field enhancement. We obtain a third-harmonic power approaching the milliwatt range for an incident power of 75 mW—an improvement by two orders of magnitude compared to a benchmarked graphene sample. We establish a framework in which this exceptional performance is the result of thermodynamic harmonic generation by the massless topological surface states, benefiting from ultrafast dissipation of electronic heat via surface-bulk Coulomb interactions. These results are an important step towards on-chip terahertz (opto)electronic applications.}, added-at = {2023-04-05T18:06:18.000+0200}, author = {Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan and Principi, Alessandro and Reig, David Saleta and Block, Alexander and Varghese, Sebin and Schreyeck, Steffen and Brunner, Karl and Karczewski, Grzegorz and Ilyakov, Igor and Ponomaryov, Oleksiy and de Oliveira, Thales V. A. G. and Chen, Min and Deinert, Jan-Christoph and Carbonell, Carmen Gomez and Valenzuela, Sergio O. and Molenkamp, Laurens W. and Kiessling, Tobias and Astakhov, Georgy V. and Kovalev, Sergey}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2359c47a96666f00e3d40dca0bb924042/ctqmat}, day = 01, description = {Milliwatt terahertz harmonic generation from topological insulator metamaterials }, doi = {10.1038/s41377-022-01008-y}, interhash = {97760aee92a33b5b6806930a57f7add1}, intrahash = {359c47a96666f00e3d40dca0bb924042}, journal = { Light Sci Appl}, keywords = {a}, month = {11}, number = 1, pages = 315, timestamp = {2023-10-16T07:50:21.000+0200}, title = {Milliwatt terahertz harmonic generation from topological insulator metamaterials}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01008-y}, volume = 11, year = 2022 }