Corporate Cultures and the Use of Space: An Approach from Cultural Theory
Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 21 (3):
185--204 (September 2008)Abstract
This paper applies and adapts an approach derived from anthropology previously known as gridgroup theory and later as Cultural Theory (CT). CT is concerned with connections between forms of organization and the values and behaviors of actors within them. It first briefly outlines the structural bases of CT. In doing so it offers a framework for understanding how corporate organizations can be classified as cultures, demonstrating four archetypal categories. It identifies dominant features of each then shows with examples their manifestations in different uses of space both internal and external. Space is linked integrally to information flow and control. Predictable and forecastable patterns are identified for each archetype. They are shown to relate to the differential selection, enforcement or abnegation of boundaries and the varying forms of exploitation, constraints and sanctions used to sustain them. The paper then examines the symbolic and ceremonial uses of space and effective and ineffective uses. It shows how organizations cannot be considered unicultural; but are mixed regimes comprising symbiotic but not necessarily synergistic cultures.