%0 Journal Article %1 campbell_updated_2010 %A Campbell, Helen %A Andrews, Nick %A Borrow, Ray %A Trotter, Caroline %A Miller, Elizabeth %D 2010 %J Clin. Vaccine Immunol. %K imported %N 5 %P 840--847 %R 10.1128/CVI.00529-09 %T Updated Postlicensure Surveillance of the Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccine in England and Wales: Effectiveness, Validation of Serological Correlates of Protection, and Modeling Predictions of the Duration of Herd Immunity %U http://cvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/17/5/840 %V 17 %X Meningococcal serogroup C conjugate (MCC) vaccines were licensed in the United Kingdom more than 10 years ago based on correlates of protection that had previously been established for serogroup C-containing polysaccharide vaccines by using the serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay. These correlates of protection were subsequently validated against postlicensure estimates of observed vaccine effectiveness up to 7 to 9 months after the administration of the MCC vaccine. Vaccine effectiveness was, however, shown to fall significantly more than 1 year after the administration of a 3-dose course in infancy. Despite this finding, the marked impact on serogroup C disease has been sustained, with the lowest recorded incidence (0.02 case per 100,000 population) in the 2008-2009 epidemiological year, mainly due to the indirect herd immunity effect of the vaccine in reducing carriage. Updated estimates of vaccine effectiveness through 30 June 2009 confirmed high short-term protection after vaccination in infancy, at 97\% (95\% confidence interval CI, 91\% to 99\%), falling to 68\% (95\% CI, -63\% to 90\%) more than a year after vaccination. The observed vaccine effectiveness more than 12 months postvaccination was consistent with measured declining SBA levels, but confidence intervals were imprecise; vaccine effectiveness estimates were consistent with SBA titers of 1:4 or 1:8 as correlates of long-term protection after a primary course in infants. Modeling suggested that protection against carriage persists for at least 3 years and predicted the stabilization of serogroup C disease at low levels (fewer than 50 cases per year) up to 2015-2016.

@article{campbell_updated_2010, abstract = {Meningococcal serogroup C conjugate {(MCC)} vaccines were licensed in the United Kingdom more than 10 years ago based on correlates of protection that had previously been established for serogroup C-containing polysaccharide vaccines by using the serum bactericidal antibody {(SBA)} assay. These correlates of protection were subsequently validated against postlicensure estimates of observed vaccine effectiveness up to 7 to 9 months after the administration of the {MCC} vaccine. Vaccine effectiveness was, however, shown to fall significantly more than 1 year after the administration of a 3-dose course in infancy. Despite this finding, the marked impact on serogroup C disease has been sustained, with the lowest recorded incidence (0.02 case per 100,000 population) in the 2008-2009 epidemiological year, mainly due to the indirect herd immunity effect of the vaccine in reducing carriage. Updated estimates of vaccine effectiveness through 30 June 2009 confirmed high short-term protection after vaccination in infancy, at 97\% (95\% confidence interval {[CI],} 91\% to 99\%), falling to 68\% (95\% {CI,} -63\% to 90\%) more than a year after vaccination. The observed vaccine effectiveness more than 12 months postvaccination was consistent with measured declining {SBA} levels, but confidence intervals were imprecise; vaccine effectiveness estimates were consistent with {SBA} titers of 1:4 or 1:8 as correlates of long-term protection after a primary course in infants. Modeling suggested that protection against carriage persists for at least 3 years and predicted the stabilization of serogroup C disease at low levels (fewer than 50 cases per year) up to 2015-2016.}, added-at = {2011-03-11T10:05:34.000+0100}, author = {Campbell, Helen and Andrews, Nick and Borrow, Ray and Trotter, Caroline and Miller, Elizabeth}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28f8f3d0ed64da491c36c3ccc3a6dc1b9/jelias}, doi = {10.1128/CVI.00529-09}, interhash = {2c00e1fd7b13fed81e11ec63123b9e21}, intrahash = {8f8f3d0ed64da491c36c3ccc3a6dc1b9}, journal = {Clin. Vaccine Immunol.}, keywords = {imported}, month = may, number = 5, pages = {840--847}, shorttitle = {Updated Postlicensure Surveillance of the Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccine in England and Wales}, timestamp = {2011-03-11T10:06:38.000+0100}, title = {Updated Postlicensure Surveillance of the Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccine in England and Wales: Effectiveness, Validation of Serological Correlates of Protection, and Modeling Predictions of the Duration of Herd Immunity}, url = {http://cvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/17/5/840}, volume = 17, year = 2010 }