PURPOSE: Describing the epidemiology of cerebral palsy (CP), its impairments and risk factors. METHOD: Literature review 1965-2004. Search terms: Cerebral palsy, incidence, prevalence, impairments, risk factors. RESULTS: In the last 40 years the prevalence of CP has risen to well above 2.0 per 1000 life births. In this time span the proportion of low-birthweight infants rose, the proportion of diplegia decreased, while the proportion of hemiplegia increased. CP is more prevalent in more deprived socio-economic populations. The majority of people with CP have the spastic syndrome of which the diplegic group is the smallest. Dependent on the subgroup of CP, 25-80\% have additional impairments. A large proportion has some kind of cognitive impairment; the prevalence varies with the type of CP and especially increases when epilepsy is present. Epilepsy is present in 20-40\%; it is most common among the hemi- and tetraplegics. Sensibility of the hands is impaired in about half. Chronic pain is reported by more than a quarter of the adults. Up to 80\% have at least some impairment of speech. Low visual acuity is reported in almost three-quarters of all children. Half of all children have gastrointestinal and feeding problems. Stunted growth occurs in a quarter, while under- or overweight problems are present in half of the children. Almost 70\% of people with spastic CP have abnormal brain CT findings; abnormal cranial ultrasounds is most strongly associated with hemiplegia, normal cranial ultrasounds with diplegia. The most important risk factors for CP are low birthweight, intrauterine infections and multiple gestation.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Odding2006
%A Odding, Else
%A Roebroeck, Marij E
%A Stam, Hendrik J
%D 2006
%J Disabil Rehabil
%K Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child, Preschool; Cognition Endocrine System Diseases; Epilepsy; Europe; Female Urogenital Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Newborn; Male Mental Retardation; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sensation Social Class
%N 4
%P 183--191
%R 09638280500158422
%T The epidemiology of cerebral palsy: incidence, impairments and risk factors.
%U http://dx.doi.org/09638280500158422
%V 28
%X PURPOSE: Describing the epidemiology of cerebral palsy (CP), its impairments and risk factors. METHOD: Literature review 1965-2004. Search terms: Cerebral palsy, incidence, prevalence, impairments, risk factors. RESULTS: In the last 40 years the prevalence of CP has risen to well above 2.0 per 1000 life births. In this time span the proportion of low-birthweight infants rose, the proportion of diplegia decreased, while the proportion of hemiplegia increased. CP is more prevalent in more deprived socio-economic populations. The majority of people with CP have the spastic syndrome of which the diplegic group is the smallest. Dependent on the subgroup of CP, 25-80\% have additional impairments. A large proportion has some kind of cognitive impairment; the prevalence varies with the type of CP and especially increases when epilepsy is present. Epilepsy is present in 20-40\%; it is most common among the hemi- and tetraplegics. Sensibility of the hands is impaired in about half. Chronic pain is reported by more than a quarter of the adults. Up to 80\% have at least some impairment of speech. Low visual acuity is reported in almost three-quarters of all children. Half of all children have gastrointestinal and feeding problems. Stunted growth occurs in a quarter, while under- or overweight problems are present in half of the children. Almost 70\% of people with spastic CP have abnormal brain CT findings; abnormal cranial ultrasounds is most strongly associated with hemiplegia, normal cranial ultrasounds with diplegia. The most important risk factors for CP are low birthweight, intrauterine infections and multiple gestation.
@article{Odding2006,
abstract = {PURPOSE: Describing the epidemiology of cerebral palsy (CP), its impairments and risk factors. METHOD: Literature review 1965-2004. Search terms: Cerebral palsy, incidence, prevalence, impairments, risk factors. RESULTS: In the last 40 years the prevalence of CP has risen to well above 2.0 per 1000 life births. In this time span the proportion of low-birthweight infants rose, the proportion of diplegia decreased, while the proportion of hemiplegia increased. CP is more prevalent in more deprived socio-economic populations. The majority of people with CP have the spastic syndrome of which the diplegic group is the smallest. Dependent on the subgroup of CP, 25-80\% have additional impairments. A large proportion has some kind of cognitive impairment; the prevalence varies with the type of CP and especially increases when epilepsy is present. Epilepsy is present in 20-40\%; it is most common among the hemi- and tetraplegics. Sensibility of the hands is impaired in about half. Chronic pain is reported by more than a quarter of the adults. Up to 80\% have at least some impairment of speech. Low visual acuity is reported in almost three-quarters of all children. Half of all children have gastrointestinal and feeding problems. Stunted growth occurs in a quarter, while under- or overweight problems are present in half of the children. Almost 70\% of people with spastic CP have abnormal brain CT findings; abnormal cranial ultrasounds is most strongly associated with hemiplegia, normal cranial ultrasounds with diplegia. The most important risk factors for CP are low birthweight, intrauterine infections and multiple gestation.},
added-at = {2014-07-19T20:57:00.000+0200},
author = {Odding, Else and Roebroeck, Marij E and Stam, Hendrik J},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c3d078e8de99696bf362eab69ca9a7c0/ar0berts},
doi = {09638280500158422},
groups = {public},
interhash = {4980c3fd8a6cf41b60a2623b476eb2b9},
intrahash = {c3d078e8de99696bf362eab69ca9a7c0},
journal = {Disabil Rehabil},
keywords = {Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child, Preschool; Cognition Endocrine System Diseases; Epilepsy; Europe; Female Urogenital Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Newborn; Male Mental Retardation; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sensation Social Class},
month = Feb,
number = 4,
pages = {183--191},
pii = {T226V64168M24430},
pmid = {16467053},
timestamp = {2014-07-19T20:57:00.000+0200},
title = {The epidemiology of cerebral palsy: incidence, impairments and risk factors.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/09638280500158422},
username = {ar0berts},
volume = 28,
year = 2006
}