A review on prevalence of bacteria in urinary tract infection
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 14 (1):
231–238 (April 2023)DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.1.0177
Abstract
Worldwide, Urinary tract infections are the most common infections. Which can involve the urethra, bladder and kidney and are caused by Gram-negative bacteria, followed by Gram-positive bacteria or fungi. Most commonly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than men are. Antibiotics are the typical treatment for a UTI. But you can take steps to reduce your chance of getting a UTI in the first place. Antibacterial agents are a major part of the treatment for UTI. Antimicrobial resistance patterns vary from time-to-time and across different regions. In this Review, we discuss how basic science studies are elucidating the molecular details of the crosstalk that occurs at the host–pathogen interface, as well as the consequences of these interactions for the pathophysiology of UTIs. We also describe current efforts to translate this knowledge into new clinical treatments for UTIs. A recent study says that infection rate varies among individuals considering their age, immunity, and lifestyle. The pathogens causing UTI are developing resistance against multiple drugs. From this study, we understand that Cranberry is the only plant source for the treatment of UTI in combination with antibiotics. There is a need to understand the importance of improving innate immunity and to know the best treatment regime to treat UTI.