Abstract
In order to study the interplay between localized and dispersive orbital
states in a system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, we investigate the
possibility to coherently couple the lowest two Bloch bands by means of
resonant periodic forcing. Considering bosons in one dimension, it is shown
that a strongly interacting Floquet system can be realized, where at every
lattice site two (and only two) near-degenerate orbital states are relevant. By
smoothly tuning both states into resonance we find that the system can undergo
an orbital-driven Mott-insulator-to-superfluid transition. As an intriguing
consequence of the kinetic frustration in the system, this transition can be
either continuous or first-order, depending on parameters such as lattice depth
and filling.
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