Article,

Process Scheduling Challenges in the Era of Multi-core Processors

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Intel Technology Journal, (November 2007)

Abstract

In this era of computing, each processor package has multiple execution cores. Each of these execution cores is perceived as a discrete logical processor by the software. Any operating system that is optimized for Symmetric Multi Processing (SMP) and that scales well with the increase in processor count can instantaneously benefit from these multiple execution cores. Design innovations in multi-core processor architectures bring new optimization opportunities and challenges for the system software. Addressing these challenges will further enhance system performance. The process (task) scheduler, in particular, one of the critical components of system software, is garnering great interest. In this paper, we look at how the different multi-core topologies and the associated processor power management technologies bring new optimization opportunities to the process scheduler. We look into different scheduling mechanisms and the associated tradeoffs. Using the Linux* Operating System as an example, we also look into how some of these scheduling mechanisms are currently implemented. As the multi-core platform is evolving, some portions of the hardware and software are being reshaped to take maximum advantage of the platform resources. We close this paper with a look at where future efforts in this technology are heading.

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