Abstract
Traveling waves describe diverse natural phenomena from crystal growth in
physics to range expansions in biology. Two classes of waves exist with very
different properties: pulled and pushed. Pulled waves are noisy because they
are driven by high growth rates at the expansion edge, where the number of
organisms is small. In contrast, fluctuations are suppressed in pushed waves
because the region of maximal growth is shifted towards the population bulk.
Although it is commonly believed that expansions are either pulled or pushed,
we found an intermediate class of waves with bulk-driven growth, but
exceedingly large fluctuations. Such waves have many unusual properties because
their foci of growth, ancestry, and diversity are spatially separated from each
other.
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