Article,

Specific capacitance of RuO$_2$(110) depends sensitively on surface order

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J. Phys. Chem. C, 127 (7): 3682-3688 (Feb 13, 2023)
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c07217

Abstract

We report the specific capacitance, Cs, of variously ordered RuO2(110) surfaces measured in a 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte with unprecedented precision. Employing ∼10 nm thick, atomically flat epitaxial RuO2 films along with a geometric surface area-controlled electrochemical cell, we determine an upper limit of Cs = (35.35 ± 0.53) μFcm–2 of the idealized, i.e., well-ordered and stoichiometric RuO2(110) surface by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scan-rate-dependent cyclic voltammetry. We demonstrate, however, that a slight decrease in surface quality immediately translates into pronounced cyclo-voltammetric differences and a significant increase of Cs. This needs to be considered when determining electrochemically active surface areas (ECSAs) of geometrically ill-defined RuO2 catalysts─a benchmark to measure electrochemical performance─from their measured double-layer capacitance.

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