Abstract
This work proposed a theory model for the local photon momentum in a
monochromatic optical field. We analysed the transfered momentum when an atom
absorbs a photon. Based on the uncertainty principle and Fourier optics theory,
we claimed that the atom localization will confine the wavefunction of the
absorbed photon that will effect the transfered momentum. We applied our theory
to study the systematic effect in the metrology experiment for the fine
structure constant based on atom interferometry.
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