Abstract
The conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules varies with irradiance
and temperature in a predictable fashion, and hence the effective
efficiency averaged over a year under field conditions can be reliably
assessed. The suggested procedure is to define the efficiency versus
irradiance and temperature for a specific module, collect the local
irradiance and temperature data, and combine the two mathematically,
resulting in effective efficiency. Reasonable approximations simplify
the process. The module performance ratio is defined to be the ratio
of effective efficiency to that under standard test conditions. Variations
of the order of 10% in this factor among manufacturers, primarily
the result of the differences in effective series resistance and
leakage conductance, are not unusual. A focus on these parameters
that control the effective efficiency should provide a path to PV
modules with improved field performance.
Users
Please
log in to take part in the discussion (add own reviews or comments).