Аннотация
On 12 May 2008, the Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake occurred along the
Longmen Shan fault in the northwestern Sichuan province of China,
resulting in huge damage as well as loss of human lives. Rapid estimation
of the rupture process is essential for emergency response. In this
paper, the relative back-projection method based on nonplane-wave
array technology was applied to reconstruct the rupture process of
this earthquake. First, the principle of the relative back-projection
method was briefly introduced. Then the method was used to obtain
the rupture process using the broadband data of 16 stations from
the Australian National Seismic Network from the Incorporated Research
Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center. The results
showed that this earthquake ruptured mostly unilaterally along the
Longmen Shan fault. Its rupture time was about 98 s, rupture length
was about 290 km, and mean rupture velocity was about 3.0 km/s. Starting
from the initial rupture point, epicenter (31.00 deg N, 103.32 deg
E), the great earthquake ruptured northeastward along the Longmen
Shan fault with two major energy releasing peaks. One was located
about 50 km northeast of the epicenter at about 20 s after the earthquake
began and the other about 140 km northeast at about 50 s, which coincided
with macrodamage at those two places.
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