Article,

Direct Clustering of a Data Matrix

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Journal of the American Statistical Association, 67 (337): 123--129 (1972)
DOI: 10.2307/2284710

Abstract

Clustering algorithms are now in widespread use for sorting heterogeneous data into homogeneous blocks. If the data consist of a number of variables taking values over a number of cases, these algorithms may be used either to construct clusters of variables (using, say, correlation as a measure of distance between variables) or clusters of cases. This article presents a model, and a technique, for clustering cases and variables simultaneously. The principal advantage in this approach is the direct interpretation of the clusters on the data.

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