Аннотация
Owing to its inherent modeling flexibility, simulation is often regarded
as the proper means for supporting decision making on supply chain
design. The ultimate success of supply chain simulation, however,
is determined by a combination of the analyst's skills, the chain
members' involvement, and the modeling capabilities of the simulation
tool. This combination should provide the basis for a realistic simulation
model, which is both transparent and complete. The need for transparency
is especially strong for supply chains as they involve (semi)autonomous
parties each having their own objectives. Mutual trust and model
effectiveness are strongly influenced by the degree of completeness
of each party's insight into the key decision variables. Ideally,
visual interactive simulation models present an important communicative
means for realizing the required overview and insight. Unfortunately,
most models strongly focus on physical transactions, leaving key
decision variables implicit for some or all of the parties involved.
This especially applies to control structures, that is, the managers
or systems responsible for control, their activities and their mutual
attuning of these activities. Control elements are, for example,
dispersed over the model, are not visualized, or form part of the
time-indexed scheduling of events. In this article, we propose an
alternative approach that explicitly addresses the modeling of control
structures. First, we will conduct a literature survey with the aim
of listing simulation model qualities essential for supporting successful
decision making on supply chain design. Next, we use this insight
to define an object-oriented modeling framework that facilitates
supply chain simulation in a more realistic manner. This framework
is meant to contribute to improved decision making in terms of recognizing
and understanding opportunities for improved supply chain design.
Finally, the use of the framework is illustrated by a case example
concerning a supply chain for chilled salads.
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