Article,

Simplified LCA of PV Systems in Buildings: present situation and future trends

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Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, (1998)

Abstract

The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in buildings shows several advantages compared to conventional PV power plants. The main objectives of the present study are the quantitative evaluation of the bene®ts of building-integrated PV systems over their entire life-cycle and the identi®cation of best solutions to maximize their energy eciency and CO2 mitigation potential. In order to achieve these objectives, a simpli®ed life-cycle analysis (LCA) has been carried out. Firstly, a number of existing applications have been studied. Secondly, a parametric analysis of possible improvements in the balance-of-system (BOS) has been developed. Finally, the two steps have been combined with the analysis of crystalline silicon technologies. Results are reported in terms of several indicators: energy pay-back time, CO2 yield and speci®c CO2 emissions. The indicators show that the integration of PV systems in buildings clearly increases the environmental bene®ts of present PV technology. These bene®ts will further increase with future PV technologies. Future optimized PV roof-integrated systems are expected to have an energy pay-back time of around 1.5 years (1 year with heat recovery) and to save during their lifetime more than 20 times the amount of CO2 emitted during their manufacturing (34 times with heat recovery).

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