Article,
Real-time seismology and earthquake damage mitigation
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 33 (1): 195--214 (January 2005)
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122626
Abstract
Real-time seismology refers to a practice in which seismic data arecollected
and analyzed quickly after a significant seismic event, sothat the
results can be effectively used for postearthquake emergencyresponse
and early warning. As the technology of seismicinstrumentation, telemetry,
computers, and data storage facilityadvances, the real-time seismology
for rapid postearthquake notificationis essentially established.
Research for early warning is stillunderway. Two approaches are possible:
(a) regional warning and (b)on-site (or site-specific) warning. In
(a), the traditionalseismological method is used to locate an earthquake,
determine themagnitude, and estimate the ground motion at other sites.
In (b), thebeginning of the ground motion (mainly P wave) observed
at a site isused to predict the ensuing ground motion at the same
site. An effectiveapproach to on-site warning is discussed in light
of earthquake rupturephysics.
