Abstract
We present the first James Webb Space Telescope/NIRCam-led determination of
$7<z<9$ galaxy properties based on broadband imaging from 0.8 to 5 microns as
part of the GLASS-JWST Early Release Science program. This is the deepest
dataset acquired at these wavelengths to date, with an angular resolution
$łesssim0.14$ arcsec. We robustly identify 14 galaxies with S/N>8 in F444W
from 8 arcmin$^2$ of data at $m_AB28$ from a combination of dropout and
photometric redshift selection. From simulated data modeling, we estimate the
dropout sample purity to be $\gtrsim90\%$. We find that the number density of
these sources is broadly consistent with expectations from the UV luminosity
function determined from Hubble Space Telescope data. We characterize galaxy
physical properties using a Bayesian Spectral Energy Distribution fitting
method, finding median stellar mass $10^8.7M_ødot$ and age 130 Myr,
indicating they started ionizing their surroundings at redshift $z>9.5$. Their
star formation main sequence is consistent with predictions from simulations.
Lastly, we introduce an analytical framework to constrain main-sequence
evolution at $z>7$ based on galaxy ages and basic assumptions, through which we
find results consistent with expectations from cosmological simulations. While
this work only gives a glimpse of the properties of typical galaxies that are
thought to drive the reionization of the universe, it clearly shows the
potential of JWST to unveil unprecedented details on galaxy formation in the
first billion years.
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