Article,

Design facilitation: A critical review of conceptualisations and constructs

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Thinking Skills and Creativity, (2021)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100962

Abstract

The rise of design thinking as a new approach to innovation has challenged what is traditionally considered design practice, diversifying what professional designers do and how they work. As the evolution of design practice has expanded so too have the activities and skillsets of trained designers. Drawing on and applying design thinking approaches in participatory and co-design contexts, particularly design workshops with participants requires ‘design facilitation’. However, design facilitation is a contested and indistinct practice within the field of design; its nature and characteristics remain under conceptualised and poorly defined. Through combining a systematic, critical review of literature on ‘design facilitation’ this study examines 102 publications to identify the emergent conceptualisations and ten key constructs from the data that characterise current design facilitation practice. The paper presents design facilitation as an interdependent, dynamic practice influenced by both the design facilitator's personal characteristics and behaviours, and the shared characteristics of joint activity and the environment. Through this review, the paper seeks to clarify design facilitation through presenting an integrative and holistic perspective of design facilitation practice on which future theory and practice can build upon.

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