Аннотация
An experiment in an oil field at Rangely, Colorado, has demonstrated
the feasibility of earthquake control. Variations in seismicity were
produced by controlled variations in the fluid pressure in a seismically
active zone. Precise earthquake locations revealed that the earthquakes
clustered about a fault trending through a zone of high pore pressure
produced by secondary recovery operations. Laboratory measurements
of the frictional properties of the reservoir rocks and an in situ
stress measurement made near the earthquake zone were used to predict
the fluid pressure required to trigger earthquakes on preexisting
fractures. Fluid pressure was controlled by alternately injecting
and recovering water from wells that penetrated the seismic zone.
Fluid pressure was monitored in observation wells, and a computer
model of the reservoir was used to infer the fluid pressure distributions
in the vicinity of the injection wells. The results of this experiment
confirm the predicted effect of fluid pressure on earthquake activity
and indicate that earthquakes can be controlled wherever we can control
the fluid pressure in a fault zone.
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