Abstract
This paper provides a multi-faceted view on the characterization
of the waveform distortion in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) plants
from experimental results. The focus is set on the characterization
of the waveform distortion occurring under different operating conditions
in field measurements and laboratory tests. The assessment is carried
out by considering the system-based point of view, on the basis of
the measurements gathered at the interface between the PV plant and
the grid or the supply point in the laboratory. New methodological
hints on the formulation of the experimental tests are provided.
The results of the waveform distortion analysis for harmonic currents
and voltages are compared to the requirements of present power quality
standards, indicating that in practical cases the current distortion
can be significantly higher than in normal test conditions. Furthermore,
the key aspect concerning harmonic and interharmonic modelling of
multiple grid-connected PV inverters is addressed. Experimental results
on plant configurations with multiple PV inverters show that low-order
harmonics sum up almost arithmetically, whereas the higher-order
harmonics and the interharmonics sum up in an almost Euclidean way.
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