Аннотация
Partly motivated by recent proposals for the detection of gravitational
waves, we study their interaction with Bose-Einstein condensates. For
homogeneous condensates at rest, the gravitational wave does not directly
create phonons (to lowest order), but merely affects existing phonons or
indirectly creates phonon pairs via quantum squeezing -- an effect which has
already been considered in the literature. For inhomogeneous condensate flows
such as a vortex lattice, however, the impact of the gravitational wave can
directly create phonons. This more direct interaction can be more efficient and
could perhaps help bringing such a detection mechanism for gravitational waves
a step closer towards experimental realizability -- even though it is still a
long way to go. Finally, we argue that super-fluid Helium might offer some
advantages in this respect.
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