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Probing the theory of gravity with gravitational lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys

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(2019)cite arxiv:1908.08951Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures.

Abstract

The cross-correlation of gravitational wave events with upcoming galaxy surveys probe theories of gravity in a fundamentally new way, with the potential to reveal clues as to the nature of dark energy and dark matter. We find that within 10 years, the combination of the Advanced-LIGO and VIRGO detector network with planned galaxy surveys can detect weak gravitational lensing of gravitational waves in the low redshift Universe ($z<0.5$). With the next generation gravitational wave experiments such as Voyager, LISA, Cosmic-Explorer and Einstein Telescope, we can extend the range of this probe up to a redshift of $z20$. This new probe will test the theory of gravity using both gravitational wave propagation through spacetime and also the effect of cosmic structures on gravitational waves, opening up a new observational window for cosmology and fundamental physics.

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