Abstract
The 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen (HI) opens a new avenue in our exploration
of the Universe's structure and evolution. It provides complementary data with
different systematics, which aim to improve our current understanding of the
$Łambda$CDM model. Among several radio cosmological surveys designed to
measure this line, BINGO is a single dish telescope mainly designed to detect
Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) at low redshifts ($0.127 < z < 0.449$). Our
goal is to assess the capabilities of the fiducial BINGO setup to constrain the
cosmological parameters and analyse the effect of different instrument
configurations. We will use the 21-cm angular power spectra to extract
information about the HI signal and the Fisher matrix formalism to study BINGO
projected constraining power. We use the Phase 1 fiducial configuration of the
BINGO telescope to perform our cosmological forecasts. In addition, we
investigate the impact of several instrumental setups and different
cosmological models. Combining BINGO with Planck temperature and polarization
data, we project a $1\%$ and a $3\%$ precision measurement at $68\%$ CL for the
Hubble constant and the dark energy (DE) equation of state (EoS), respectively,
within the wCDM model. Assuming a CPL parametrization, the EoS parameters have
standard deviations given by $\sigma_w_0 = 0.30$ and $\sigma_w_a = 1.2$. We
find that BINGO can also help breaking degeneracies in alternative models,
which improves the cosmological constraints significantly. Moreover, we can
access information about the HI density and bias, obtaining $8.5\%$ and
$6\%$ precision, respectively, assuming they vary with redshift at three
independent bins. The fiducial BINGO configuration will be able to extract
significant information from the HI distribution and provide constraints
competitive with current and future cosmological surveys. (Abridged)
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