With the growing number of epidemiologic publications on the relation between dietary factors and cancer risk, pooled analyses that summarize results from multiple studies are becoming more common. Here, the authors describe the methods being used to summarize data on diet-cancer associations within the ongoing Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer, begun in 1991. In the Pooling Project, the primary data from prospective cohort studies meeting prespecified inclusion criteria are analyzed using standardized criteria for modeling of exposure, confounding, and outcome variables. In addition to evaluating main exposure-disease associations, analyses are also conducted to evaluate whether exposure-disease associations are modified by other dietary and nondietary factors or vary among population subgroups or particular cancer subtypes. Study-specific relative risks are calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random- or mixed-effects model. The study-specific estimates are weighted by the inverse of their variances in forming summary estimates. Most of the methods used in the Pooling Project may be adapted for examining associations with dietary and nondietary factors in pooled analyses of case-control studies or case-control and cohort studies combined.
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. pooling@hsphsun2.harvard.edu
%0 Journal Article
%1 SmithWarner2006
%A Smith-Warner, Stephanie A
%A Spiegelman, Donna
%A Ritz, John
%A Albanes, Demetrius
%A Beeson, W Lawrence
%A Bernstein, Leslie
%A Berrino, Franco
%A van den Brandt, Piet A
%A Buring, Julie E
%A Cho, Eunyoung
%A Colditz, Graham A
%A Folsom, Aaron R
%A Freudenheim, Jo L
%A Giovannucci, Edward
%A Goldbohm, R Alexandra
%A Graham, Saxon
%A Harnack, Lisa
%A Horn-Ross, Pamela L
%A Krogh, Vittorio
%A Leitzmann, Michael F
%A McCullough, Marjorie L
%A Miller, Anthony B
%A Rodriguez, Carmen
%A Rohan, Thomas E
%A Schatzkin, Arthur
%A Shore, Roy
%A Virtanen, Mikko
%A Willett, Walter C
%A Wolk, Alicja
%A Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
%A Zhang, Shumin M
%A Hunter, David J
%D 2006
%J American journal of epidemiology
%K Diet EpidemiologicMethods Humans Neoplasms Neoplasms:epidemiology ProspectiveStudies RiskFactors StatisticsasTopic
%N 11
%P 1053-64
%R 10.1093/aje/kwj127
%T Methods for pooling results of epidemiologic studies: the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer.
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16624970
%V 163
%X With the growing number of epidemiologic publications on the relation between dietary factors and cancer risk, pooled analyses that summarize results from multiple studies are becoming more common. Here, the authors describe the methods being used to summarize data on diet-cancer associations within the ongoing Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer, begun in 1991. In the Pooling Project, the primary data from prospective cohort studies meeting prespecified inclusion criteria are analyzed using standardized criteria for modeling of exposure, confounding, and outcome variables. In addition to evaluating main exposure-disease associations, analyses are also conducted to evaluate whether exposure-disease associations are modified by other dietary and nondietary factors or vary among population subgroups or particular cancer subtypes. Study-specific relative risks are calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random- or mixed-effects model. The study-specific estimates are weighted by the inverse of their variances in forming summary estimates. Most of the methods used in the Pooling Project may be adapted for examining associations with dietary and nondietary factors in pooled analyses of case-control studies or case-control and cohort studies combined.
%@ 0002-9262
@article{SmithWarner2006,
abstract = {With the growing number of epidemiologic publications on the relation between dietary factors and cancer risk, pooled analyses that summarize results from multiple studies are becoming more common. Here, the authors describe the methods being used to summarize data on diet-cancer associations within the ongoing Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer, begun in 1991. In the Pooling Project, the primary data from prospective cohort studies meeting prespecified inclusion criteria are analyzed using standardized criteria for modeling of exposure, confounding, and outcome variables. In addition to evaluating main exposure-disease associations, analyses are also conducted to evaluate whether exposure-disease associations are modified by other dietary and nondietary factors or vary among population subgroups or particular cancer subtypes. Study-specific relative risks are calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random- or mixed-effects model. The study-specific estimates are weighted by the inverse of their variances in forming summary estimates. Most of the methods used in the Pooling Project may be adapted for examining associations with dietary and nondietary factors in pooled analyses of case-control studies or case-control and cohort studies combined.},
added-at = {2023-02-03T11:44:35.000+0100},
author = {Smith-Warner, Stephanie A and Spiegelman, Donna and Ritz, John and Albanes, Demetrius and Beeson, W Lawrence and Bernstein, Leslie and Berrino, Franco and van den Brandt, Piet A and Buring, Julie E and Cho, Eunyoung and Colditz, Graham A and Folsom, Aaron R and Freudenheim, Jo L and Giovannucci, Edward and Goldbohm, R Alexandra and Graham, Saxon and Harnack, Lisa and Horn-Ross, Pamela L and Krogh, Vittorio and Leitzmann, Michael F and McCullough, Marjorie L and Miller, Anthony B and Rodriguez, Carmen and Rohan, Thomas E and Schatzkin, Arthur and Shore, Roy and Virtanen, Mikko and Willett, Walter C and Wolk, Alicja and Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne and Zhang, Shumin M and Hunter, David J},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23f8741ad68b46bf8400834c705c39877/jepcastel},
city = {Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. pooling@hsphsun2.harvard.edu},
doi = {10.1093/aje/kwj127},
interhash = {8ef03c5f8aff0558b2189cb9c40430fb},
intrahash = {3f8741ad68b46bf8400834c705c39877},
isbn = {0002-9262},
issn = {0002-9262},
journal = {American journal of epidemiology},
keywords = {Diet EpidemiologicMethods Humans Neoplasms Neoplasms:epidemiology ProspectiveStudies RiskFactors StatisticsasTopic},
month = {6},
note = {4809<m:linebreak></m:linebreak>LR: 20071115; GR: CA55075/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: CA78548/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7910653; 2006/04/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish;<m:linebreak></m:linebreak>Metaanàlisi},
number = 11,
pages = {1053-64},
pmid = {16624970},
timestamp = {2023-02-03T11:44:35.000+0100},
title = {Methods for pooling results of epidemiologic studies: the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer.},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16624970},
volume = 163,
year = 2006
}