%0 Journal Article %1 scheufele_framing_1999 %A Scheufele, D. A. %D 1999 %J Journal of Communication %K framing intellectual internalist media-theory political-communication %N 1 %P 103--122 %R 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x %T Framing as a Theory of Media Effects %V 49 %X Research on framing is characterized by theoretical and empirical vagueness. This is due, in part, to the lack of a commonly shared theoretical model underlying framing research. Conceptual problems translate into operational problems, limiting the comparability of instruments and results. In this paper I systematize the fragmented approaches to framing in political communication and integrate them into a comprehensive model. I classify previous approaches to framing research along two dimensions: the type of frame examined (media frames vs. audience frames) and the way frames are operationalized (independent variable or dependent variable). I develop a process model of framing, identifying four key processes that should be addressed in future research: frame building, frame setting, individual-level processes of framing, and a feedback loop from audiences to journalists.

@article{scheufele_framing_1999, abstract = {Research on framing is characterized by theoretical and empirical vagueness. This is due, in part, to the lack of a commonly shared theoretical model underlying framing research. Conceptual problems translate into operational problems, limiting the comparability of instruments and results. In this paper I systematize the fragmented approaches to framing in political communication and integrate them into a comprehensive model. I classify previous approaches to framing research along two dimensions: the type of frame examined (media frames vs. audience frames) and the way frames are operationalized (independent variable or dependent variable). I develop a process model of framing, identifying four key processes that should be addressed in future research: frame building, frame setting, individual-level processes of framing, and a feedback loop from audiences to journalists.}, added-at = {2019-08-29T01:56:31.000+0200}, author = {Scheufele, D. A.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e212db3fd47ba467012c571e561621d1/jpooley}, doi = {10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x}, interhash = {3d314e0529dc608901fff7175e195444}, intrahash = {e212db3fd47ba467012c571e561621d1}, journal = {Journal of Communication}, keywords = {framing intellectual internalist media-theory political-communication}, number = 1, pages = {103--122}, timestamp = {2019-08-29T01:56:31.000+0200}, title = {Framing as a {{Theory}} of {{Media Effects}}}, volume = 49, year = 1999 }