%0 Journal Article %1 Stewart1991 %A Stewart, H. A. %A Ormond, C. %A Seeger, B. R. %D 1991 %J Am J Occup Ther %K Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Computer-Assisted Instruction; Female; Humans; Male; Microcomputers; Muscular Dystrophies; Occupational Therapy; Play and Playthings; Reinforcement (Psychology); Software; Task Performance Analysis; Therapy, %N 8 %P 707--711 %T Toy Control Program evaluation. %V 45 %X The Toy Control Program for the Apple IIe microcomputer is a software and hardware package developed for the training of single-switch scanning skills. The specially designed scanning programs provide on screen visual feedback and activate a battery-powered toy to reinforce performance. This study examined whether the training of preschool subjects in single-switch scanning skills with the Toy Control Program would result in increased task completion scores and increased levels of attention to task, as compared with conditions of toy activation only and microcomputer programs with screen reinforcement only. The results showed that the subjects paid significantly more attention to the toys as reinforcers (p less than .01). No significant difference was found for the performance results of the three conditions. These findings support the use of a program like the Toy Control Program, which integrates the instructional capabilities of a computer with the reinforcement potential of a toy and the creativity of a therapist.

@article{Stewart1991, abstract = {The Toy Control Program for the Apple IIe microcomputer is a software and hardware package developed for the training of single-switch scanning skills. The specially designed scanning programs provide on screen visual feedback and activate a battery-powered toy to reinforce performance. This study examined whether the training of preschool subjects in single-switch scanning skills with the Toy Control Program would result in increased task completion scores and increased levels of attention to task, as compared with conditions of toy activation only and microcomputer programs with screen reinforcement only. The results showed that the subjects paid significantly more attention to the toys as reinforcers (p less than .01). No significant difference was found for the performance results of the three conditions. These findings support the use of a program like the Toy Control Program, which integrates the instructional capabilities of a computer with the reinforcement potential of a toy and the creativity of a therapist.}, added-at = {2014-07-19T21:30:13.000+0200}, author = {Stewart, H. A. and Ormond, C. and Seeger, B. R.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2bdaba5abb5ef330b9099e1fb03aab4e6/ar0berts}, groups = {public}, interhash = {9ccae25d419286853bcb184b8cb1979f}, intrahash = {bdaba5abb5ef330b9099e1fb03aab4e6}, journal = {Am J Occup Ther}, keywords = {Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Computer-Assisted Instruction; Female; Humans; Male; Microcomputers; Muscular Dystrophies; Occupational Therapy; Play and Playthings; Reinforcement (Psychology); Software; Task Performance Analysis; Therapy,}, month = Aug, number = 8, pages = {707--711}, pmid = {1877639}, timestamp = {2014-07-19T21:30:13.000+0200}, title = {Toy Control Program evaluation.}, username = {ar0berts}, volume = 45, year = 1991 }