Abstract
Layered learning allows decomposition of the stages of
learning in a problem domain. We apply this technique
to the evolution of goal scoring behavior in soccer
players and show that layered learning is able to find
solutions comparable to standard genetic programs more
reliably. The solutions evolved with layers have a
higher accuracy but do not make as many goal attempts.
We compared three variations of layered learning and
find that maintaining the population between layers as
the encapsulated learnt layer is introduced to be the
most computationally efficient. The quality of
solutions found by layered learning did not exceed
those of standard genetic programming in terms of goal
scoring ability.
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